Unit 21
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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Federal civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities. Requires reasonable accommodations in housing and public accommodations.
A landlord must allow a tenant with a disability to install a ramp at their own expense and must permit a service animal even if pets are not allowed.
Blockbusting
The illegal practice of inducing owners to sell their homes by suggesting that members of a protected class are moving into the neighborhood, causing property values to decline.
An agent tells homeowners that 'those people' are moving in and property values will drop — this is illegal blockbusting.
Code of Ethics
A set of professional standards and principles that guide the conduct of real estate licensees. The NAR Code of Ethics is widely adopted.
The REALTOR Code of Ethics requires members to protect and promote the interests of their clients while treating all parties honestly.
Ethics
Moral principles that govern a person's behavior. In real estate, includes honesty, fairness, disclosure, and putting clients' interests first.
Even when not legally required, an ethical agent discloses known defects and avoids any misrepresentation.
Fair Housing Act
Federal law (Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, as amended) that prohibits discrimination in housing based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, familial status, and disability.
A landlord cannot refuse to rent to a family with children or to someone because of their race or religion under the Fair Housing Act.
Redlining
The illegal practice of refusing to make loans or provide insurance in certain neighborhoods based on racial or ethnic composition rather than individual creditworthiness.
A lender draws a red line around minority neighborhoods on a map and refuses to make mortgages there — this is illegal redlining.
Steering
The illegal practice of directing prospective buyers or tenants toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on protected class characteristics.
An agent only shows homes in predominantly White neighborhoods to White buyers and steers minority buyers elsewhere — this is illegal steering.